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On This Day…

30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves minor victory over Octavian, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to Octavian's invasion of Egypt 1620 - Pilgrim Fathers depart Leiden, Netherlands for England…

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1588 - The Battle of Gravelines - Spanish Armada damaged and scattered by the English fleet 1609 - Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs at Ticonderoga, New York setting the…

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1586 - Walter Raleigh brings the 1st tobacco to England from Virginia 1689 - Battle of Killicrankie: Jacobite Scottish Highlanders under Viscount Dundee defeat royalist force under General MacKay 1789 - US Congress establishes…

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306 - Constantine I is proclaimed Roman Emperor by his troops 1814 - English engineer George Stephenson introduces his first steam locomotive, a travelling engine designed for hauling coal on the Killingworth wagonway named Blücher…

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1534 - Jacques Cartier lands in Canada, claims it for France 1567 - Mary Queen of Scots is forced to abdicate; her 1-year-old son becomes King James VI of Scots 1832 - Benjamin Bonneville leads the first wagon…

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1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem 1456 - Battle at Nandorfehervar (Belgrade): Hungarian army under Janos Hunyadi…

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1595 - Astronomer Johannes Kepler has an epiphany and develops his theory of the geometrical basis of the universe while teaching in Graz 1843 - The steamship SS Great Britain is launched, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel,…

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64 - Great Fire of Rome begins under the Emperor Nero 1925 - Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf (original title was the catchy "Four and a Half Years (of Struggle) Against Lies, Stupidity and…

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180 - 6 inhabitants of Carthage, North Africa executed for being Christians. Earliest record of Christianity in this part of the world. 1203 - Siege of Constantinople begins during the fourth Crusade,…

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1789 - Bastille Day - the French Revolution begins with the storming of the Bastille Prison in Paris (now celebrated as France's national day) 1798 - US Sedition Act prohibits "false, scandalous &…

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1772 - Captain James Cook begins 2nd voyage aboard the Resolution to the South Seas to search for Terra Australis (Southern continent) 1832 - Source of Mississippi River discovered by American geographer Henry Schoolcraft…

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1778 - American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain 1940 - Battle of Britain begins as Nazi forces attack shipping convoys in the English Channel 1985 - French…

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1401 - Turko-Mongol ruler Tamerlane (Timur) destroys Baghdad, killing 20,000 1790 - Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet 1868 -…

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1099 - First Crusade: 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march in religious procession around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders look on 1283 - War of the Sicilian Vespers: Battle of Malta 1497 - Portuguese…

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1520 - Battle of Otumba, Mexico: Hernán Cortés and the Tlaxcalans defeat a numerically superior Aztec force 1937 - Japanese and Chinese troops clash at the Marco Polo Bridge, beginning the Second Sino-Japanese War…

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1689 - Matsuo Basho, zen poet, leaves for 150 days journey on Honshu, Japan 1858 - The joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society 1863 - Battle…

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1520 - Spanish conquistadors are expelled from Tenochtitlan following an Aztec revolt against their rule under Hernán Cortés during "La Noche Triste" (the Night of Sadness). Many soldiers drown in the escape, and…

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1389 - Ottomans defeat Serbian army in the bloody Battle of Kosovo, opening the way for the Ottoman conquest of Southeastern Europe 1519 - King Carlos I elected Holy Roman Catholic Emperor Charles…

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1542 - Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo sets sail from the Mexican port of Navidad to explore the west coast of North America on behalf of the Spanish Empire 1743 - War of the Austrian…

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363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during retreat from the Sassanid Empire. General Jovian is proclaimed Emperor by troops on the battlefield. 1794 - Battle of Fleurus: major victory by forces…

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1678 - Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia is awarded a doctorate of philosophy from the University of Padua, 1st woman to receive a university doctoral degree or PhD 1876 - Battle of the Little Bighorn:…

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1497 - John Cabot claims Eastern Canada for England (believes he has found Asia in Nova Scotia) 1509 - Henry VIII is crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey, London 1793 - 1st republican constitution…

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1788 - US Constitution comes into effect when New Hampshire is the 9th state to ratify it 1854 - First Victoria Cross won during bombardment of Bomarsund in the Aland Islands (Crimean War)…

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451 - Battle of the Catalaunian Plains: Roman and Visigoths forces defeat Attila the Hun in north east France 1214 - The University of Oxford receives its charter 1789 - French Revolution: The…

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1306 - The Earl of Pembroke's army defeats Robert the Bruce's Scottish army at the Battle of Methven 1829 - Sir Robert Peel introduces the Metropolitan Police Act 1829 into Parliament to establish a unified…

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618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries of the Tang Dynasty's rule over China 1812 - War…

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1373 - Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of Alliance (world's oldest extant) signed in London 1866 - US House of representatives passes 14th Amendment (Civil rights) 1878 - Congress of Berlin begins, determines the territories of…

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1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath 1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch 1864 -…

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1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned, according to calculations by Eratosthenes 631 - Emperor Taizong of Tang of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk…

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CDE News Views – This Day in Photos

Today's salient news in pictures as taken by the pool of photographers of EPA/EFE for CDE News. Stay informed daily with www.cde.news, for local perspective with a global outlook.

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452 - Italy invaded by Attila the Hun 793 - Vikings in long ships from modern-day Norway plunder St Cuthbert's monastery on Lindisfarne Island, off the northeast coast of England 1191 -…

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1494 - Treaty of Tordesillas: Spain and Portugal divide the new world along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa 1628 - English…

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1523 - Gustav Vasa is elected King of Sweden, marking the end of the Kalmar Union 1716 - French transport the 1st African slaves to Louisiana 1916 - The death of Yuan Shikai, ruler…

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1873 - Sultan Bargash bin Said under British pressure closes the infamous slave market of Zanzibar in modern day Tanzania 1947 - US Secretary of State George Marshall outlines the "Marshall Plan" to rebuild…

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1621 - Dutch West India Company (WIC) receives charter for The West Indies (The Americas, Caribbean and West Africa) 1929 - Chile and Peru sign the Treaty of Lima, finally resolving their…

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4000 BC - Approximate domestication of the horse in the Eurasian steppes near Dereivka, central Ukraine (hypothesis only) 1215 - Beijing, under control of Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured…

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1902 - Boer War Ends; Treaty of Unity signed, Britain annexes Transvaal 1910 - Union of South Africa declares its independence from the United Kingdom 1916 - Battle of Jutland: Largest naval battle…

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1660 - On his 30th birthday Charles II returns to London from exile in the Netherlands to claim the English throne after the Puritan Commonwealth comes to an end 1851 - Sojourner Truth addresses 1st…

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28th May 585 BC - Solar eclipse, as predicted by Greek philosopher Thales, while Lydians at war with the Medes leads to a truce. One of the cardinal dates from which…

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1679 - Habeaus Corpus Act (strengthening person's right to challenge unlawful arrest & imprisonment) passes in England 1703 - Saint Petersburg (Leningrad) founded by Russian Tsar Peter the Great 1873 - Heinrich Schliemann discovers "Priam's…

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1595 - Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library 1738 - John Wesley is converted, launching the Methodist movement; celebrated annually by Methodists as Aldersgate Day…

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1618 - Second Defenestration of Prague: Two Catholic Lords Regent and their secretary are thrown out of a window and amazingly are not seriously injured by the 70 foot (21m) fall.…

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334 BC - The Macedonian army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus 1570 - 1st atlas 'Theatrum Orbis Terrarum' (Theatre of the World), published by Abraham…

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1792 - Mount Unzen on Japan's Shimabara Peninsula, erupts creating a tsunami, killing about 15,000; Japan's deadliest volcanic eruption 1832 - 1st Democratic National Convention (Baltimore) 1881 - Clara Barton founded the American…

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1498 - Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrives at Calicut, India becoming the first European to reach India by sea 1784 - The Netherlands yielded to Great Britain some of its holdings in India and Indonesia in a…

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1643 - Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut and New Harbor form the United Colonies of New England 1649 - England is declared a Commonwealth by an act of the Rump Parliament making England…

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1291 - After 100 years of Crusader control, Acre is the last Crusader stronghold reconquered and destroyed by the Mamluks under Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil 1804 - Napoleon Bonaparte proclaimed Emperor of France by…

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1527 - Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Florida with 600 men - by 1536 only 4 survive 1792 - 24 merchants form New York Stock Exchange at 70 Wall Street…

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1920 - Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'arc) canonized a saint 1943 - Operation Chastise: No. 617 Squadron RAF begins the famous Dambusters Raid, bombing the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr valley with bouncing…

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1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad exstirpanda, which authorizes, but also limits, the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition 1618 - German astronomer Johannes Kepler discovers the third of…

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1787 - Delegates gather in Philadelphia to draw up US Constitution 1796 - English country doctor Edward Jenner administers the first inoculation against smallpox, using cowpox pus, in Berkeley, Gloucestershire 1804 - Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's expedition…

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