1804 – Napoleon Bonaparte has crowned Emperor of France in Paris. 1823 – President James Monroe declares his “Monroe Doctrine”, a US foreign policy regarding Latin America. 1845 – Manifest Destiny: US President James K. Polk announces to Congress that the United States should aggressively expand into the West. 1859 – Abolitionist John Brown was hanged following a raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia. 1929 – First skull of Peking man found, 50 km out of Peking at Tsjoe Koe Tien. 1942 – Scientists led by Enrico Fermi conducted the world’s first controlled self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, at the University of Chicago. 1954 – The U.S. Senate voted to censure Senator Joseph R. McCarthy for his conduct in the investigation of communism in the United States. 1971 – The United Arab Emirates was formed by the union of six small emirates on the Arabian Peninsula; a seventh emirate joined in February 1972. 1976 – Fidel Castro becomes President of Cuba, replacing Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado. 1982 – William C. DeVries implanted the first permanent artificial heart in Barney Clark; the aluminum and plastic device was called the Jarvik-7. 1993 – Colombian criminal Pablo Escobar—who, as head of the Medellín cartel, was arguably the world’s most powerful drug trafficker in the 1980s and early ’90s—was killed during a shoot-out with authorities.
Sport: 1907 – Association of Football Players’ and Trainers’ Union (English Professional Football Players’ Association) is formed by Charlie Roberts and Billy Meredith in Manchester, England.
Music:1883 – Johannes Brahms’ “3rd Symphony in F” premieres with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. 1982 – The groundbreaking music video for Michael Jackson’s song Thriller aired on MTV.
TV & Film: 1933 – Fred Astaire’s 1st film, “Dancing Lady”, released.
