1099 – During the First Crusade, Christian knights from Europe capture Jerusalem after seven weeks of siege and begin massacring the city’s Muslim and Jewish population
1789 - Bastille Day - the French Revolution begins with the fall of the Bastille Prison
1798– US Sedition Act prohibits “false, scandalous & malicious” writing against government
1850– 1st public demonstration of ice made by refrigeration by Florida physician John Gorrie
1933 – All non-Nazi parties are banned in Germany
1941 – 6,000 Lithuanian Jews are exterminated at Viszalsyan Camp
1992 – 386BSD is released by Lynne Jolitz and William Jolitz, starting the open source operating system revolution. Linus Torvalds release “Linux” soon afterwards
2016 – In France’s third major terrorist attack in 18 months, a man drove a truck through a crowd of revelers celebrating Bastille Day in Nice, killing more than 80 people and injuring hundreds.
Births & Deaths: 2017 – Iranian mathematician Maryam Mirzakhani—the first woman and first Iranian to be awarded a Fields Medal, cited for “her outstanding contributions to the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces and their moduli spaces”—died at age 40.
Film & TV: 1969– “Easy Rider”, directed by Dennis Hopper, starring himself, Peter Fonda and Jack Nicholson, is released
Music: 1795 -The French National Convention decrees “La Marseillaise” by Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle France’s national anthem
Sport: 1964–51st Tour de France: Jacques Anquetil of France wins 4th consecutive Tour and is first to claim 5 titles
